316L Insimbi Engagqwali

Ukwakheka, Izimpawu Nezicelo

Ukuze uqonde insimbi engagqwali engu-316L, umuntu kufanele aqale aqonde insimbi engagqwali engu-316.

I-316 iyinsimbi engenasici ye-chromium-nickel ephakathi kokubili no-3% kwe-molybdenum.Okuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala, kukhulisa ukumelana nokugoba izixazululo ze-ion ye-chloride, futhi kuthuthukisa amandla emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

Iyini i-316L Stainless Steel?

I-316L iyizinga le-carbon ephansi lika-316. Leli banga alivikelekile ekuzwelweni (imvula ye-grain boundary carbide).Isetshenziswa njalo ezingxenyeni ezishiselwe igeji elisindayo (cishe ngaphezu kuka-6mm).Awukho umehluko wentengo ophawulekayo phakathi kuka-316 no-316L wensimbi engagqwali.

Insimbi engagqwali engu-316L inikeza ukukhasa okuphezulu, ingcindezi ekuqhekekeni namandla aqinile emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kunezinsimbi ezingenasici ze-chromium-nickel austenitic.

Izimpawu ze-alloy

Igama elithi “L” limane lisho “ikhabhoni encane.”I-316L iqukethe ikhabhoni encane kune-316.

Izimpawu ezivamile yi-L, F, N, kanye no-H. Isakhiwo se-austenitic salawa mabanga sinikeza ukuqina okuhle kakhulu, ngisho nasemazingeni okushisa e-cryogenic.

304 vs. 316 Insimbi Engagqwali

Ngokungafani nensimbi engu-304 - insimbi engagqwali ethandwa kakhulu - i-316 inokumelana okuthuthukisiwe kokugqwala okuvela ku-chloride namanye ama-asidi.Lokhu kukwenza kube usizo ezinhlelweni zangaphandle ezindaweni zasolwandle noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingabeka engcupheni ukuchayeka ku-chloride.

Kokubili okungu-316 no-316L kubonisa ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono namandla emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kunozakwabo ongu-304 - ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokugqwala kwemigodi nokuqhekeka ezindaweni ze-chloride.

316 vs. 316L Insimbi Engagqwali

Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 iqukethe ikhabhoni engaphezulu kuka-316L.Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 inezinga eliphakathi nebanga lekhabhoni futhi iqukethe phakathi kuka-2% no-3% we-molybdenum, enikeza ukumelana nokugqwala, izakhi ezine-asidi, namazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Ukuze ufaneleke njengensimbi engagqwali engu-316L, inani lekhabhoni kufanele libe phansi - ikakhulukazi, alikwazi ukudlula i-0.03%.Amazinga ekhabhoni aphansi aholela ekutheni u-316L athambe kuno-316.

Ngaphandle komehluko wokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, i-316L ifana kakhulu ne-316 cishe ngazo zonke izindlela.

Zombili izinsimbi ezingenasici zithambile kakhulu, ziwusizo lapho kwakhiwa izimo ezidingekayo zanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi ngaphandle kokuphuka noma nokuqhekeka, futhi zinokumelana okuphezulu nokugqwala kanye namandla aqinile aqinile.

Izindleko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ziyaqhathaniswa.Kokubili kunikeza ukuqina okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala, futhi kuyizinketho ezinhle ezinhlelweni zokucindezela okuphezulu.

I-316L ithathwa njengelungele iphrojekthi edinga ukushiselwa okukhulu.I-316, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ayikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala ngaphakathi kwe-weld (ukubola kwe-weld) kuno-316L.Sekushiwo lokho, ukufaka i-316 kuyindlela yokusebenza yokumelana nokubola kwe-weld.

I-316L ilungele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kokugqwala okuphezulu, okuhambisana nokuduma kwayo kumaphrojekthi wokwakha nasolwandle.

Kokubili i-316 kanye ne-316L inokusebenziseka okuhle kakhulu, kusebenza kahle ekugobeni, ukwelula, ukudweba okujulile, nokuphotha.Kodwa-ke, i-316 iyinsimbi eqinile kakhulu enamandla amakhulu okudonsa kanye ne-ductility uma iqhathaniswa ne-316L.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza

Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali engu-316L:

• • Izisetshenziswa zokulungiselela ukudla (ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezine-chloride)
• • Imishini yokwenza imithi
• • Izicelo zasolwandle
• • Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezakhiwo
• • Izimila zezokwelapha (izikhonkwane, izikulufu nezifakelo zamathambo)
• • Izinto zokubopha
• • Amacondenser, amathangi, nezihwamuko
• • Ukulawula ukungcola
• • Ukulinganisa isikebhe, inani, kanye nokunquma iphampu
• • Impahla yaselabhorethri
• • Amathuluzi nezingxenye zemithi
• • Imishini yezithombe (oyinki, amakhemikhali ezithombe, ama-rayon)
• • Izishintshi zokushisa
• • Ama-nifold exhaust
• • Izingxenye zesithando somlilo
• • Izishintshi zokushisa
• • Izingxenye zenjini ye-jet
• • Izingxenye zevalvu nepompo
• • I-Pulp, iphepha, kanye nemishini yokucubungula izindwangu
• • Izindonga zokwakha, izicabha, amafasitela nezikhali
• • Amamojula angasogwini
• • Amathangi namapayipi ethangi lamakhemikhali
• • Ukuthuthwa kwamakhemikhali
• • Ukudla neziphuzo
• • Impahla yekhemisi
• • Izitshalo ze-synthetic fiber, iphepha nezindwangu
• • Umkhumbi wokucindezela

• Impahla ye-316L

  Insimbi engagqwali engu-316L ibonakala kalula ngokuhlola okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhabhoni - okufanele ibe ngaphansi kwaleyo ka-316. Ngaphandle kwalokho, nazi ezinye zezakhiwo ezingama-316L eziphinde ziyihlukanise kwamanye amabanga ensimbi.

  Izakhiwo Zomzimba

  I-316L inobukhulu obungama-8000 kg/m3 kanye ne-elastic modulus engu-193 GPa.Ezingeni lokushisa elingu-100°C, inokuxhumana okushisayo okungu-16.3 W/mK no-21.5 W/mK ku-500°C.I-316L iphinde ibe ne-resistivity kagesi engu-740 nΩ.m, enamandla okushisa athile angu-500 J/kg.K.

  Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

  Ukwakhiwa kwe-316l SS kufaka amazinga ekhabhoni aphezulu angu-0.030%.Amazinga e-silicon afinyelela phezulu ku-0.750%.Amazinga aphezulu e-manganese, i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen, nesulfure abekwe ku-2.00%, 0.045%, 0.100% kanye no-0.030%, ngokulandelana.I-316L yenziwe nge-chromium ngo-16% min kanye no-18% max.Amazinga e-nickel asethwe ku-10% min kanye no-14% max.Okuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum yizinga eliphansi lika-2.00% kanye nobukhulu obungu-3.00%.

  Izakhiwo Zemishini

  I-316L igcina amandla amancane okudonsa angu-485 kanye namandla amancane esivuno angu-120 ku-0.2% ubufakazi bokucindezeleka.Inobude obungu-40% ku-50mm/min kanye nobunzima obukhulu obungama-95kg ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwe-Hardness Rockwell B.Insimbi engagqwali engu-316L ifinyelela kubukhulu obuqinile obungama-217kg ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwesikali sikaBrinell.

  Ukumelana Nokugqwala

  Ibanga 316L linikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zemithombo yezindaba ebolayo kanye nezindawo zomoya.Ibambelela kahle lapho ingaphansi kokuqhekeka kanye nokugqwala kwemigodi ezimweni ezifudumele ze-chloride.Ukwengeza, ifakazela ukuthi ihlala ingashintshile ngisho nangaphansi kokuhlolwa kokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi ngaphezu kuka-60 °C.I-316L ibonisa ukumelana namanzi ngamazinga e-chloride afika ku-1000mg/L.

  Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 isebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezine-acidic - ikakhulukazi uma ivikela ekugqwaleni okubangelwa i-sulfuric, i-hydrochloric, i-acetic, i-formic, ne-tartaric acid, kanye nama-acid sulfate nama-alkaline chloride.