Isishintshi sokushisa idivayisi yokudlulisa ukushisa esetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla okushisa angaphakathi phakathi koketshezi olubili noma ngaphezulu olutholakala kumazinga okushisa ahlukene.Ishubhu noma ishubhu iyingxenye ebalulekile yesikhipha ukushisa, lapho uketshezi lugeleza khona.Njengoba izinto ezishintsha ukushisa zingase zisetshenziselwe inqubo, amandla, uphethiloli, ezokuthutha, isimo somoya, isiqandisi, i-cryogenic, ukubuyiswa kokushisa, okunye uphethiloli, nezinye izimboni, amashubhu okushintsha ukushisa nawo angahlukaniswa ngendlela efanele njengamashubhu ama-radiator, ama-regenerator, ama-condenser, ama-superheaters. , ama-preheater, ama-cooler, ama-evaporator, nama-boilers.Amashubhu okushintsha ukushisa angase anikezwe ngohlobo oluqondile, uhlobo olugobe u-U, uhlobo olugoqiwe, noma isitayela senyoka.Ngokuvamile, angamashubhu angenamthungo noma ashiselwe atholakala kumadayamitha angaphandle aphakathi kuka-12.7 mm no-60.3 mm anodonga oluncane kakhulu.Amashubhu ngokuvamile ahlanganiswe ne-tubesheet ngenqubo yokugoqa noma yokushisela.Kwezinye izimo, ishubhu ye-capillary noma ishubhu enobubanzi obukhulu iyasebenza.Ishubhu ingase ifakwe amaphiko (ishubhu elicijile) elihlinzeka ngokusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa.
1. Ukukhetha Okubalulekile Kweshubhu Yokushintshanisa Ukushisa
Emsebenzini wobunjiniyela, ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha amashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa kuzokwenziwa ngokuqinile.Ngokuvamile, ishubhu kufanele ihambisane nezicaciso ezinikezwe ku-ASME Boiler kanye ne-Pressure Vessel Code Isigaba II.Ukukhethwa kwempahla kuyosekelwe ekucabangeni okuphelele nokubalwa kwengcindezi yokusebenza, izinga lokushisa, izinga lokugeleza, ukugqwala, ukuguguleka, ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko, i-viscosity, idizayini, nezinye izindawo.Imvamisa, amashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa anganikezwa ngezinto zensimbi ezoniwayo noma ezingezona insimbi, ezingaphinde zihlukaniswe njenge-carbon steel, i-low alloy steel, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi engagqwali e-duplex, i-nickel alloy, i-titanium alloy, ingxubevange yethusi, ingxubevange ye-aluminium, i-tantalum kanye i-zirconium, njll.
Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwezinto zifaka: ASTM A178, A179, A209, A210, A213, A214, A249, A250, A268, A334, A423, A450, A789, A790, A803, A1016;ASTM B75, B111, B135, B161, B165, B167, B210, B221, B234, B251, B315, B338, B359, B395, B407, B423, B444, B466, B454, B5, B3 622 .I-B626, B668, B674, B676, B677, B690, B704, B729, B751 kanye ne-B829.Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kuzohambisana namazinga ashiwo ngenhla ngokulandelana.Amashubhu okushintsha ukushisa angakhiqizwa ngenqubo eshisayo noma ebandayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokusebenza eshisayo ikhiqiza ifilimu ye-iron oxide encane futhi eqinile emnyama ebusweni bayo.Lolu hlobo lwefilimu luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isikali sokugaya" esizosuswa ngokuphenduka, ukupholisha, noma inqubo yokukhetha.
2. Ukuhlola Nokuhlola
Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kanye nokuhlolwa kwamashubhu okushintsha ukushisa kuvame ukufaka ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kobukhulu, ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-eddy, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydrostatic, ukuhlolwa kwe-pneumatic air-underwater, ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya kazibuthe, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, izivivinyo zokugqwala, izivivinyo zemishini (okubandakanya ukushuba, ukuvutha, ukucaba, kanye nokuhlola ukuhlehlisa isicaba), ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali (PMI), kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kumashisela (uma ekhona).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-28-2022